Research Methods

Procedures

In the next phase of research, often referred to as the justification phase, you bring evidence to bear on your hypothesis. The Scientific Method of inquiry helps you, the researcher, to minimize error and yield dependable generalizations. In order to obtain reliable evidence that will generate valid conclusions, your research must be as objective as possible. To maximize objectivity and reduce influences and biases that could distort your evidence, you must follow certain procedures.

Click on the links to learn more, then test your knowledge:

Question 1: The scientific method is a ___.

	a. general set of procedures you use throughout your study
X	b. general set of ethics and codes developed by scientists
X	c. general set of procedures applicable only if you conduct your research in a lab
X	d. protocol for publishing your findings in a journal
	Answer: Correct. The scientific method is a general set of procedures you use throughout your study.

Question 2: In order to obtain reliable evidence in your research, you must do everything you can to minimize ___ and maximize ___.

X	a. cost; results
X	b. reliability; validity
X	c. operational definitions; confounding variables
	d. bias; objectivity
	Answer: Correct. In order to obtain reliable evidence in your research, you must do everything you can to minimize bias and maximize objectivity.

Question 3: Which of the following is an example of a placebo bias?

X	a. when your expectations influence participant response
X	b. when cultural beliefs influence participant response
	c.	when participant behavior changes even when not receiving the experimental treatment
X	d.	when participant behavior doesn't change even though receiving the experimental treatment
	Answer: Correct. A placebo bias is when a participant's behavior changes even when they are not receiving the experimental treatment.

Next, explore sample and variables.