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• | Brain growth slows |
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• | Physical growth slows, but slight height spurts occur |
• | Expansion of heart and lung capacities supports more physical endurance |
• | Athletic and fine motor skills become more refined |
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• | Ability to understand logical principle develops |
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• | Memory capacity and ability to use mnemonics expands |
• | Metacognition, the ability to think about thought, enables organization of own learning |
• | Use of language becomes more analytical |
• | Proficiency in more than one language code may begin, sometimes resulting in bilingualism |
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• | Peer group becomes more significant as dependence shifts to friends for help, loyalty, and sharing of mutual interests |
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• | Awareness of and involvement in outside world increases awareness of family, economic, and political conditions |
• | Motivational systems build around achievement, competence, and affiliation |
• | Coping strategies develop for problem solving and stress tolerance |
• | Interpersonal strategies develop to aid in understanding others' behavior |
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