jihad Muslim term for either internal struggle against sin or a holy war against infidels.
mestizo Term used by Spanish colonial administrators to describe someone of mixed Native American and European heritage.
Mughal Empire Muslim state that controlled most of the Indian subcontinent from 1526 - 1857 CE.
Muhammad Ibn Abd al-Wahhab Eighteenth-century Muslim religious leader who preached a fundamentalist approach to his followers in the Arabian peninsula.
Safavid Empire Iranian kingdom established by Ismail Safavi, who declared Iran (Persia) a Shi'ite state, 1502 - 1722.
Saint Domingue French Caribbean colony that produced sugar and considerable revenue for France; it later became the independent nation of Haiti.