Teacher resources and professional development across the curriculum
Teacher professional development and classroom resources across the curriculum
After Reconstruction, America experienced an "era of incorporation" with mass social movements, tremendous economic change, and national consolidation. Settlers migrated West and encountered landscapes of spectacular beauty, but faced daunting challenges in farming the arid land. Bitter conflicts also arose with Native Americans and Mexicans, who had
occupied the land for centuries, over land ownership. After years of hardship, citizens became disgruntled with Republican policies and many turned to the Populist Party, whose ideas anticipated the development of the twentieth-century state.
The decades after Reconstruction brought bitter conflicts over land, resources, and labor—some of the most dramatic of which happened in the West. More
Landscapes in the arid West challenged newcomers' assumptions about an endless, bountiful frontier. More
The unintended consequence of Reconstruction policies was a call for a fairer and more humane economy, foreshadowing twentieth-century government reforms. More
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