The video for this session examines word study and explicit fluency instruction in the primary grades. Dr. Jeanne R. Paratore's lecture reviews the four foundational elements of emergent literacy, the principles of phonics instruction, and the development of accuracy and fluency. The workshop participants then watch a set of classroom excerpts that illustrate Dr. Paratore's lecture. In the final activity, workshop participants analyze a phonics lesson in terms of the research presented in her lecture. The ensuing discussion highlights the controversies around effective phonics instruction.